Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts

Sunday, March 31, 2019

TED:Why I'm A Weekday Vegetarian









Audio Time: 3 min  58 sec

Level: intermediate

Vocabulary:  To help learners fully understand the audio and transcript, most vocabulary that might be unknown for this lesson’s level is provided. Vocab in bold is more useful for learners at the lesson’s target level. Try to choose 8 to 10 new words to learn from the story (in general, it’s best to try to learn no more than 8-10 new words a day).

Definitions are written with the help of various sources including  Merriam-Webster’s Learner’s Dictionary

Vegetarian: a person who does not eat meat.

Hippie: a usually young person who rejects established social customs (such as by dressing in an unusual way or living in a commune) and who opposes violence and war; especially: a young person of this kind in the 1960s and 1970s.

Log: a long, heavy section of a tree that has fallen or been cut down.

Cabin: a small, simple house made of wood.

Mere: used to say that something or someone is small, unimportant, etc.

Cruelty: someone who hurt others and do not feel sorry about it; causing or helping to cause suffering.

Hypocritical: a person who claims or pretends to have certain beliefs about what is right but who behaves in a way that disagrees with those beliefs.

Environment: the conditions that surround someone or something: the conditions and influences that affect the growth, health, progress, etc., of someone or something; in this case, natural world.

Emissions: the act of producing or sending out something (such as energy or gas) from a source.

To convince: to cause (someone) to believe that something is true.

To stall: to avoid doing something or to delay someone in a deliberate way because you need more time, do not want to do something, etc.

To pitch: things that are said by someone (such as a salesman) in order to make someone want to buy, do, or accept something.

Binary: relating to or consisting of two things or parts.

To swap: to replace (something) with something else.

Sustainable: involving methods that do not completely use up or destroy natural resources.

Harvest: the amount of a natural product gathered in a single season.

To end up: to reach or come to a place, condition, or situation that was not planned or expected.

Intake: the amount of something (such as food or drink) that is taken into your body.

Pocketbook: the amount of money that someone has available to spend: someone's ability to pay for things.



Discussion questions:

1. What do you think about the idea of being a “weekday vegetarian”?

2. What were some of the reasons the speaker gave about becoming a weekday veg?

3. Are there many vegetarians where you live?

4. What are the pros and cons of being a vegetarian?

5. What do you think is the best diet for the health of people and the planet?





Thursday, January 31, 2019

What Asimov Predicted For 2019: Computerization And Lunar Life





Audio Time: 1 min 50 sec

Level: intermediate and up

Vocabulary:  To help learners fully understand the audio and transcript, most vocabulary that might be unknown for this lesson’s level is provided. Vocab in bold is more useful for learners at the lesson’s target level. Try to choose 8 to 10 new words to learn from the story (in general, it’s best to try to learn no more than 8-10 new words a day).

Definitions are written with the help of various sources including  Merriam-Webster’s Learner’s Dictionary

Toronto star: a newspaper.

To predict: to say that (something) will or might happen in the future.

Off base: not correct: wrong or mistaken.

Forecast: to predict something will happen after looking at the available information.

Up and running: in operation; functioning.

Mining: the process or business of digging in mines to obtain minerals, metals, jewels, etc.

Faint: weak; very slight or small; no clearly seen.

Semblance: the state of being somewhat like something but not truly or fully the same thing — usually + of.

To take over to take control of something.

Assembly line: a line of machines, equipment, workers, etc., in a factory that builds a product by passing work from one station to the next until the product is finished.

Left out: to not include or mention (someone or something).

Utopian: an imaginary place in which the government, laws, and social conditions are perfect.

Laid off: the act of ending the employment of a worker or group of workers.

Paintbrush: a brush  used for putting paint on a surface (Brush: a tool with many stiff hairs, fibers, etc., that is used for cleaning, smoothing, or painting something).

To envision: to think of (something that you believe might exist or happen in the future) : to picture (something) in your mind.

Left to their own devices: to allow (someone) to do what he or she wants or is able to do without being controlled or helped by anyone else.

Avail oneself of: to make use of something.

Cosmos: all of space and everything in it including stars, planets, galaxies, etc.



Discussion questions:

1.  What were some of Asimov’s predictions for 2019?
2. What do you think the world will be like in 35 years?
3. Do you think we will have mining on the moon in 35 years?
4. How advanced do you think computers and robots will become after 35 years?
5. Read the original article that Isaac Asimov wrote. What other issues does he discuss in the article that weren’t discussed in the NPR story?



Friday, March 31, 2017

Weighing The Good And The Bad Of Autonomous Killer Robots In Battle





Audio Time: 4 Min 49 Sec

Level: Upper Intermediate

Vocabulary:  To help learners fully understand the audio and transcript, most vocabulary that might be unknown for this lesson’s level is provided. Vocab in bold is more useful for learners at the lesson’s target level. Try to choose 8 to 10 new words to learn from the story (in general, it’s best to try to learn no more than 8-10 new words a day).

Definitions are written with the help of various sources including  Merriam-Webster’s Learner’s Dictionary

Provocative: causing discussion, thought, argument, etc.

Emerge: to become known or apparent.

Contentious: likely to cause people to argue or disagree.

Autonomous: existing or acting separately from other things or people; independent.

Ethical: involving questions of right and wrong behavior : relating to ethics.

Urgency: very important and needing immediate attention.

Ban: to forbid people from using (something) : to say that something cannot be used or done.

Threshold: a piece of wood, metal, or stone that forms the bottom of a door and that you walk over as you enter a room or building.

Obscure: not well-known : not known to most people.

Cylons and terminators: Fictional robots from modern science fiction movies.

Amok: in a wild or uncontrolled manner — used in the phrase run amok.

Science fiction: stories about how people and societies are affected by imaginary scientific developments in the future.

Promotional video: A video made or used to make people aware of something (such as a new product or book) and increase its sales or popularity.

Slam: to close (something) in a forceful way that makes a loud noise.

Torpedo: a bomb that is shaped like a tube and that is fired underwater.

Wiggle room: the ability to make small changes in a plan, schedule, etc., if they are needed.

Overlook: to fail to see or notice (something).

Frustration: a feeling of anger or annoyance caused by being unable to do something.

Err: to make a mistake.

Sniper: a person who shoots at another person from a hidden place.

To cloud: to confuse (a person's mind or judgment).

Inhumane: not kind or gentle to people or animals: not humane.


Discussion questions:
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using autonomous robots in battle?
2.  What are some of the ethical issues with using robots in battle?
3.  What are some other roles in society that robots might take over?
4. How will robots change our society?
5. Should we try to continue to develop smarter robots (AI: artificial intelligence)?

Here are some additional resources about AI:






Short Stories:





The Second variety: text , audio

The Defenders: text , audio, audio

Monday, March 14, 2016

Play Doesn’t End With Childhood Why Adults Need Recess Too




Audio Time: 6 min 51 sec

Level: Upper-Intermediate and up

Vocabulary:  
Definitions are written with the help of various sources including Merriam-Webster’s Learner’s Dictionary

Recess: US: a short period of time during the school day when children can play.
Indicate: to show (something).

Playground: an outdoor area where children can play that usually includes special equipment (such as swings and slides).

Overload: to put too great a load on or in (something).

Stuffed animal: US: a toy in the shape of an animal that usually has fake fur and is filled with soft material.
Grownup: Someone who is fully grown: an adult.

Nonprofit: A nonprofit organization uses whatever money it earns or raises to run the organization and to do the work of the organization. Nonprofit organizations usually do work that helps people or supports something valued by many people in a society (such as art or education).

Resilient: able to become strong, healthy, or successful again after something bad happens.

Deprivation: the state of not having something that people need: the state of being deprived of something.

Competent: having the necessary ability or skills: able to do something well or well enough to meet a standard.

Perseverance: the quality that allows someone to continue trying to do something even though it is difficult.

Laborious: requiring a lot of time and effort.


Discussion questions:
1. Do you agree with the article that play is important? Why or why not?
2. How do you usually play?
3. How did you play as a child?
4. Do you like to play alone or with others?
5. What can play tell us about ourselves or others?




Monday, November 30, 2015

Why Do We Believe In Unbelievable Things?




TED Radio Hour
Based on TED Talks given by very interesting speakers, each show is centered on a common theme – such as happiness, innovation, power, or unexplainable connections – and includes in depth conversations with the speakers of the TED Talks. See more at the TED Radio Hour website .

Audio Time: 9 min 28 sec

Level: Advanced  

Vocabulary:  To help learners fully understand the audio and transcript, most vocabulary that might be unknown for this lesson’s level is provided. Vocab in bold is more useful for learners at the lesson’s target level. Try to choose 8 to 10 new words to learn from the story (in general, it’s best to try to learn no more than 8-10 new words a day).

Definitions are written with the help of various sources including Merriam-Webster’s Learner’s Dictionary

Susceptible: easily affected, influenced, or harmed by something.

Hominid: A group of animals that include apes and humans.

Rustle: to make a soft, light sound because parts of something are touching or rubbing against each other.

Darwin award: An award for removing yourself from humanity’s gene pool by not reproducing (either by death or intentionally not having children), and therefore, helping humanity’s evolution. This usually includes people who kill themselves by doing very stupid things.

Propensity: a strong natural tendency to do something.

Gene pool: all of the genes in a particular group of people or animals.

Default: used to describe something that happens or is done when nothing else has been done or can be done.

Primate: any member of the group of animals that includes human beings, apes, and monkeys.

To con: a dishonest trick that is done to get someone's money.

Psychic: used to describe strange mental powers and abilities (such as the ability to predict the future, to know what other people are thinking, or to receive messages from dead people) that cannot be explained by natural laws.

Tell: (noun) an unconscious behavior that can give information to an observant opponent, usually used in card games like poker.

Kick in: to begin to work or to have an effect.

Stand point: a way in which something is thought about or considered; point of view.

Bias: a tendency to believe that some people, ideas, etc., are better than others that usually results in treating some people unfairly.

To exaggerate: to think of or describe something as larger or greater than it really is.

To muffle: to make (a sound) quieter.

To bombard: to hit or attack (something or someone) constantly or repeatedly.
Temporal lobes: a part of the brain.

Wacky: amusing and very strange.

Curmudgeon: a person (especially an old man) who is easily annoyed or angered and who often complains.

Eccentric: tending to act in strange or unusual ways.

Language Tips: Useful expressions

To connect the dots:  to join (two or more things) together; to think of (something or someone) as being related to or involved with another person, thing, event, or idea; or to prove or show that one thing is related to another thing.

“…we are pattern seeking primates. We connect the dots - A is connected to B, B is connected to C and sometimes A really is connected to B and that's called association learning. We find patterns. We make those connections.”

It was hard solve the robbery, but, with the evidence they had, the detectives connected the dots and caught the thief.

To a certain extent: used to indicate the degree to which something exists, happens, or is true.

“…life is full of failure. And the entrepreneur is never going to exceed if he doesn't deceive himself to a certain extent in what's called the optimism bias where you tend to think things are going to go better than they really will.”

To a certain extent, other hominids like apes are our relatives, since we share a common ancestor that lived millions of years ago.

Order of magnitude: the approximate size of something, especially measured in powers of 10.

“…entrepreneurs…. They all exaggerate by like an order of magnitude how likely they are to be successful and in a way you sort of have to do that because most people that start businesses - they fail.”

Our galaxy is bigger than our solar system by many orders of magnitude.

Discussion questions:
1. What are some kinds of unbelievable things that people believe?
2. Do you or someone you know believe any of these things?
3. Do you agree with the speaker’s theory about why people believe unbelievable things?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages to easily believing things and being more open minded?
5. What the most interesting thing you learned from this story?
6. Is it important to have some skepticism towards beliefs?
7. How can we practice skepticism and examine beliefs?
8. What the right balance between being open minded and being skeptical?